A kidney transplant is often the best long-term treatment for suitable patients with kidney failure, offering greater freedom than dialysis and, for many, a better quality of life. As a Kidney Transplant Physician at Bombay Hospital, South Mumbai, Dr. Satarupa Deb guides recipients and donors through evaluation, preparation and lifelong care after the transplant, working alongside the transplant surgical team.
Is a Kidney Transplant Right for You?
A transplant may be considered for people with advanced chronic kidney disease or those already on dialysis. In some cases, a transplant can be performed before dialysis is needed, known as a pre-emptive transplant. Suitability depends on your overall health, heart and lung condition, infections, previous cancers and your ability to take lifelong medicines.
Dr. Deb will discuss the benefits and risks of transplantation compared with dialysis, so that you and your family can make an informed decision.
Pre-Transplant Evaluation of the Recipient
Before a transplant, a thorough work-up helps ensure the surgery is as safe as possible and that the new kidney has the best chance of working well.
- Detailed history, examination and review of the cause of kidney disease
- Blood group, tissue typing (HLA) and cross-match tests
- Heart evaluation, which may include ECG, echocardiography and further tests if needed
- Screening for infections such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV and tuberculosis
- Age-appropriate cancer screening and dental review
- Vaccinations updated before transplantation, where appropriate
Living Donor Work-Up
In India, most kidney transplants come from living related donors, such as a parent, sibling, spouse or child, as permitted under the Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act. Deceased donor transplantation is also available through the state organ allocation system.
A potential donor's safety comes first. Donors undergo careful assessment of kidney function, blood pressure, blood sugar, general health and imaging of the kidneys. Counselling is provided so that the donor fully understands the process and can decide freely. All legal and authorisation committee requirements must be completed before surgery.
Post-Transplant Care and Immunosuppression
After a transplant, the body's immune system may try to reject the new kidney. To prevent this, recipients take immunosuppressive medicines for as long as the kidney functions. These medicines need careful dosing and regular blood level monitoring, especially in the first months.
Follow-up visits are frequent early on and gradually spaced out as things stabilise. Monitoring includes kidney function, drug levels, blood counts, blood sugar, blood pressure and screening for infections.
- Take immunosuppressants exactly on time; never stop or change doses on your own
- Inform your doctor before starting any new medicine, supplement or herbal remedy
- Report fever, reduced urine output, swelling or pain over the transplant site promptly
- Practise good hand hygiene, food safety and sun protection
- Attend all scheduled blood tests and clinic reviews
Long-Term Health After Transplant
With good care, many transplant recipients return to work and daily activities. Long-term care also focuses on heart health, bone health, diabetes prevention, cancer screening and vaccinations. Dr. Satarupa Deb (DM Nephrology, KEM Hospital, Mumbai) provides continuing transplant follow-up and coordinates with other specialists when needed.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who can donate a kidney to me?
Under Indian law, close relatives such as parents, siblings, children, spouses and grandparents may donate after medical evaluation and legal approval. Other donors require additional authorisation. Deceased donor kidneys are allocated through the state registry.
Does the donor's blood group have to match mine?
A compatible blood group is usually preferred. In selected situations, blood group incompatible transplants may be possible with special preparation. Your transplant team will explain the options suitable for you.
How long will I need to take anti-rejection medicines?
Immunosuppressive medicines are generally needed for as long as the transplanted kidney is working. Doses are often reduced over time, but stopping them can lead to rejection.
Is kidney donation safe for the donor?
Carefully selected donors can usually live normal, healthy lives with one kidney. There are surgical risks, and donors are advised to have regular long-term check-ups of blood pressure and kidney function.
Consult Dr. Satarupa Deb
If you are considering a kidney transplant or need post-transplant follow-up, book a consultation with Dr. Satarupa Deb at Bombay Hospital, Marine Lines, South Mumbai. Call +91 9326786023 or +91 9833990040.
This page is for general information only and is not a substitute for a medical consultation. Please consult a qualified doctor for diagnosis and treatment.